| Abstrakt: |
The nonlinear electrorheological (ER) behavior of nonionic surfactant-activated ER suspensions is investigated. The influence of three nonionic surfactants (Brij®30, GMO, and GTO) on the electrorheological (ER) response of various alumina/silicone oil suspensions shows similar behavior. The prevalent feature common to all formulations is that the yield stress, τ0, initially increases with surfactant concentration, passes through a maximum, then decreases with surfactant concentration. The nonlinear behavior observed at large surfactant concentrations (i.e., τ0≈En;, where n>2) arises from field-induced phase separation of a surfactant-rich phase as opposed to field-dependent conductivity of a homogeneous continuous phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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