| Abstrakt: |
Two Ry sto STS markers, YES3-3A (341 bp) and YES3-3B (286 bp), were successfully developed from the Ry sto AFLP marker E+ACC/M+CTC-365. Both STS markers identified all 38 extremely resistant potato cultivars out of 188 European potato varieties from Germany, Hungary, Poland and The Netherlands, and also identified four extremely resistant MPI breeding lines out of five tested lines, in agreement with the phenotypic data of resistance level to PVY. In parallel, three different plastid-mitochondrial configurations (W/α, W/γ, and T/β) were analyzed by the PCR markers ALC_1,3 and ALM_4,5. Thirty-eight potato varieties were classified as the W/α cytoplasm type, 51 potato varieties were identified as carrying the W/γ cytoplasm type, and 99 potato varieties analyzed had the T/β cytoplasm type. All 38 marker-selected extremely resistant potato cultivars and four extremely resistant MPI breeding lines were identified as having the mitochondrial γ type in association with male sterility. Male sterility was validated by pollen germination tests in 38 potato cultivars carrying the mitochondrial α type or γ type. The male sterility of 17 extremely resistant potato cultivars and five potato cultivars carrying the W/γ cytoplasm type was confirmed by obtaining scarcely any or only few or wrinkled pollen grains and no subsequent pollen germination. On the other hand, pollen germination in all 16 potato cultivars with the W/α cytoplasm type was observed with different efficiency due to different genotypes. The Ry sto gene of extremely resistant potato cultivars and MPI breeding lines traced back to Solanum stoloniferum, and the maternal pedigree analysis of these cultivars clustered into three groups depending on three different primary crosses with S. stoloniferum-hybrids. This pedigree analysis confirmed the precision of Ry sto STS marker selection tagging the maternally inherited Ry sto gene derived from MPI breeding lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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