| Autor: |
McEntire, Jennifer C., Arens, Stephen, Bernstein, Marc, Bugusu, Betty, Busta, Francis F., Cole, Martin, Davis, Art, Fisher, William, Geisert, Sarah, Jensen, Helen, Kenah, Brittany, Lloyd, Brenda, Mejia, Carla, Miller, Benjamin, Mills, Robert, Newsome, Rosetta, Osho, Kolade, Prince, Gale, Scholl, Sarah, Sutton, Daniel |
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| Zdroj: |
Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science & Food Safety; Jan2010, Vol. 9 Issue 1, p92-158, 67p, 1 Color Photograph, 1 Black and White Photograph, 4 Diagrams, 12 Charts, 2 Graphs |
| Abstrakt: |
Institute of Food Technologists (IFT) examined traceability (product tracing) in food systems under contract with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. IFT collected product tracing related information from industry representatives through telephone discussions and meetings with targeted groups, and from a number of other resources. A total of 58 food companies categorized as produce (38%), packaged consumer foods (14%), processed ingredients (7%), distributors (5%), food service (17%), retail (12%), and feed (7%) were consulted. Nonfood industries examined included automobile, pharmaceutical, toy, parcel, clothing, and appliance. These industries use diverse product tracing methods, some of which are technologically sophisticated. An evaluation of the motivation in each industry, and the problems that product tracing was used to address, leads to an understanding of the reasoning for the use of particular product tracing solutions. The challenges faced within the food industry are unique and will likely require a different kind of solution to trace products. IFT also examined regulations, standards, and initiatives pertaining to product tracing around the world. Overall, all food companies participating in this study acknowledge the importance of an effective (rapid and precise) product tracing system in safeguarding their supply chain. The majority of the companies have record keeping systems in place that range from manual to sophisticated electronic-based systems. The level of sophistication appears dependent on company size, with the larger companies having more sophisticated systems, although paper records were used in virtually all segments of the food industry examined. Most of the companies have great confidence in their current systems to provide effective product tracing. In fact, those covered by the BT Act of 2002, which requires them to establish and keep records on immediate source (1-step back) and subsequent recipient (1-step forward) for their products, currently consider their companies to be in full compliance. Significant variability in current product tracing practices was observed among various segments of the industry, likely resulting from the complexity of food systems. However, there is great commonality in issues that complicate product tracing, which are mostly centered around types of data collected, how the data are captured, and data sharing within the facility and among trading partners. The general lack of consistency in types of data collected, as well as lack of definitions of key terms such as "lot" or "batch" appears to be a major hindrance to effective product tracing. IFT found that data capture is achieved through several media types of which the most common are: pen/paper (alphanumeric notes), bar codes, radio frequency identification (RFID), and electronic systems. In rare cases in the food industry, but more common in nonfood industries, are systems based on vision/ imaging, dot peening, and laser etching. The speed at which information can be retrieved and communicated varies with the type of medium used. There was great disparity in the types of information shared among trading partners. Data elements that are critical to product tracing, such as lot number, are seldom recorded or communicated.… [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER] |
| Databáze: |
Complementary Index |
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