| Abstrakt: |
In the context of music retrieval, the query-by-example paradigm has attracted a large amount of attention: given a query in the form of a music excerpt, the task is to automatically retrieve all excerpts from the database containing parts or aspects which are somehow similar to the query. This problem is particularly difficult for digital waveform-based audio data such as CD recordings. Because of the complexity of such data, the notion of similarity used to compare different audio clips is a delicate issue and largely depends on the respective application as well as on the user requirements. In this chapter, we consider the problem of audio matching. Here the goal is to retrieve all audio clips from the database that in some sense represent the same musical content as the query clip. This is typically the case when the same piece of music is available in several interpretations and arrangements. For example, given a 20-s excerpt of Bernstein's interpretation of the theme of Beethoven's Fifth Symphony, the goal is to find all other corresponding audio clips in the database; this includes the repetition in the exposition or in the recapitulation within the same interpretation as well as the corresponding excerpts in all recordings of the same piece conducted, e.g., by Karajan or Sawallisch. Even more challenging is to also include arrangements such as Liszt's piano transcription of Beethoven's Fifth or a synthesized version of a corresponding MIDI file. Obviously, the degree of difficulty increases with the degree of variations one wants to permit in the audio matching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
