| Abstrakt: |
The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Food Model Booklet (FMB) contains 2-dimensional drawings to help food survey participants more accurately estimate and report amounts of foods eaten. The FMB consists of life-size drawings of typical glasses, mugs, bowls, and other geometrical shapes appropriate for food portions of various sizes and shapes. The models were created using principles of design to portray intended size. Four focus groups, organized by gender and level of education, used the models to estimate portions of a meal and then evaluated the models in discussions led by a cognitive specialist. Overall, the groups said the models were straightforward and easy-to use; they suggested a small wedge and a small bowl be added to the set. Next, the revised booklet was tested for accuracy by a convenience sample (n = 264) using 17 popular foods of various shapes, amounts, and consistencies. Mean portion estimates were within 10% of the actual volume for juice, coke, coffee, meatloaf, pancakes, pie, 2 pizzas, catsup, potato salad, rice, spaghetti, and soup. The four foods not within 10% were milk (19 ± 26%), margarine (28 ± 46%), cereal (34 ± 46%), and lettuce (84 ± 62%). These results indicate the models worked well for most foods in the study. The revised FMB will be available with instructions at: www.ars.usda.gov/ba/bhnrc/fsrg [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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