| Abstrakt: |
Toppling failure is one of the primary instability modes of layered anti-dip rock slopes. The presence of geological structures, such as synclines, can further complicate the instability modes of these slopes. To investigate the influence of synclinal structures on the deformation and failure of soft-hard interbedded anti-dip rock slopes, similar materials (artificial rock slabs and synclinal structures) were fabricated from quartz sand, cement, barite powder, gypsum, and water. The mechanical properties of these similar materials were measured, followed by large-scale centrifuge model tests and numerical simulations. The experimental results indicated that the slope model experienced toppling deformation and failure at the crest, whereas the synclinal structure underwent compressive deformation and slight rotation, with no significant deformation observed at the toe. Numerous bending and tensile fractures formed within the slope, resulting in a continuous bending tensile failure surface. The vertical displacement curves, corresponding to changes in the centrifugal acceleration, could be divided into six stages. The cumulative vertical displacements at the monitoring points S1 (crest), S2 (midslope), and S3 (toe) were 81.1 mm, 10 mm, and 8.3 mm, respectively. The simulation results closely matched the experimental observations, showing that the deformation and failure of the slope model could be divided into three stages: fissure compaction, toppling deformation, and instability failure. The soft-hard interbedded strata caused non-coordinated deformation within the slope, with the compressive deformation of the synclinal structure acting as a buffer, reducing the damage of the upper rock mass to the slope toe and leading to a top-down, deep-seated, non-coordinated toppling failure of the slope. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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