| Abstrakt: |
Abiotic and biotic stresses remain critical challenges in agricultural productivity. Recent technological advancements, particularly in nanoscience, offer promising avenues to mitigate these challenges and enhance sustainable crop production. This review explores the applications of gold, copper, silicon, silver, and zinc nanoparticles (NPs) in agriculture, focusing on their roles as nanofertilizers, herbicides, pesticides, fungicides, insecticides, and weed management. Additionally, NPs are utilized as biosensors for nutrient and contaminant detection, effectively addressing biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. Silica-based nanocomposites have effectively reduced pest damage while promoting chlorophyll content, photosynthesis parameters, and seedling vigor. Nanosilicon demonstrates superior absorption efficiency compared to traditional silicon fertilizers, enhancing plant nutrient uptake and shoot growth. SiNPs have dominant illuminations and are required for immunosensor applications. It has antimicrobial properties because of its large surface area. Moreover, silicon influences gene expression (e.g., Lsi1, Lsi2, and Lsi6) and biochemical pathways crucial for crop improvement under stress conditions. Agro-based nanotechnology emerges as a pivotal tool to manage diverse stresses in agriculture, paving the way for a sustainable future and ensuring global food security. This comprehensive review underscores the transformative potential of NPs in agriculture and advocates for their responsible application to maximize benefits while minimizing environmental impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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