| Autor: |
Williams, Ebony L., Kratt, Christopher B., Rodolfo, Raymond S., Lapus, Mark R., Lardizabal, Ryan R., Bangun, Aya S., Nguyen, Amber T., Tyler, Scott W., Cardenas, M. Bayani |
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| Zdroj: |
Geophysical Research Letters; Nov2024, Vol. 51 Issue 22, p1-10, 10p |
| Abstrakt: |
Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) in volcanic areas commonly exhibits high temperatures, concentrations of metals and CO2, and acidity, all of which could affect sensitive coastal ecosystems. Identifying and quantifying volcanic SGD is crucial yet challenging because the SGD might be both discrete, through fractured volcanic rock, and diffuse. At a volcanic area in the Philippines, the novel combination of satellite and drone‐based thermal infrared remote sensing, ground‐based fiber‐optic distributed temperature sensing, and in situ thermal profiling in coastal sediment identified the multi‐scale nature of SGD and quantified fluxes. We identified SGD across ∼30 km of coastline. The different approaches revealed numerous SGD signals from the intertidal zone to about a hundred meters offshore. In active seepage areas, temperatures peaked at 80°C, and Darcy fluxes were as high as 150 cm/d. SGD is therefore locally prominent and regionally important across the study area. Plain Language Summary: Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is the flow of groundwater from land to sea. SGD in volcanic areas can have high temperatures, high concentrations of heavy metals, high CO2, and can be acidic, all of which impact sensitive coastal ecosystems. Quantifying volcanic SGD is important yet challenging because the flow can be diffuse and broadly distributed. At a volcanic area in the Philippines, the unique combination of satellite and drone‐based thermal infrared remote sensing, ground‐based fiber‐optic distributed temperature sensing, and in situ thermal profiling in coastal sediment identified the multi‐scale nature of SGD and quantified flow rates. We identified SGD across ∼30 km of coastline. The different approaches revealed numerous SGD signals from the intertidal zone (the region between high and low tide) to about a hundred meters offshore. At some locations, active seepage areas reached temperatures up to 80°C, and we calculated groundwater flow rates to be as high as 150 cm/day. SGD is therefore locally prominent and regionally important across the study area. Key Points: Multi‐scale thermal submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) was mapped in a volcanic area with coral reefs and marine protected areasThermal SGD was prevalent in the area with both broadly diffuse signals and pronounced discrete dischargeLocal SGD reached 150 cm/d and 80°C [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: |
Complementary Index |
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