| Abstrakt: |
This research investigates the progress and dynamic of Smart City (SC) in Lyon Metropolis. Three SC models are suggested based on several measures, such as benchmarking concept, actors, formulation, governance, and smartness performance indicators. To grasp the context, this study optimized the data from 40 in-depth interviews with public and private actors. It is then tailored to recent documents and literature studies regarding Lyon SC activities in recent years. During the initial wave, the Local government was the primary initiator, employing IBM's techno-centric models as the reference. The second wave model saw the city of Lyon SC strategies as a Living Lab for high-tech innovations run by state companies. In the third wave, a strong presence of digital platforms integrated into urban systems determined a new SC model. In the third stage, it identified seven key performance indicators of digital platforms that established their role as SC actors: (1) direct civic engagement, (2) daily need services, (3) sharing economy, (3) real-time services, (4) time value, (5) city coverage systems, (6) green transportation, and (7) city network coverage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
