| Abstrakt: |
Reduction of homocysteine-induced oxidative stress using two plant-derived compounds, amentoflavone (AMNT) and thymoquinone (TQ), is of therapeutic importance. Oxidative stress caused by homocysteine manifests as the development of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. An overview of the antioxidative properties of AMNT and TQ is provided, as well as the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Amentoflavone, a biflavonoid, and thymoquinone, a phytochemical from Nigella sativa, have shown notable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties. The chemical structures and properties of these compounds, their natural sources and their traditional uses are also discussed. We examined the biochemical pathways involved in homocysteine metabolism and the induction of oxidative stress. Further, we explored the molecular pathways influenced by AMNT and TQ, highlighting their effects on cellular redox balance and their potential combined effects. Key findings include AMNT-mediated neutralization of free radicals and influence on mitochondrial function, TQ-mediated enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activities, and decreased lipid peroxidation. Bioavailability and pharmacokinetic limitations have been discussed, regardless of their therapeutic potential. Further research is necessary to optimize the efficacy of these compounds through the implementation of clinical trials and the development of novel delivery systems. Exploring the combined effects of other antioxidants is a future research direction for investigating their long-term safety and efficacy. This review aims to provide novel insights into the therapeutic potential of AMNT and TQ, emphasizing their roles in homocysteine-induced oxidative stress, and proposing avenues for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
