| Abstrakt: |
Surveys were carried out to enable comparative assessment of allele frequencies in DNA pools of the New Altai horse breed and the breeds used to create it. The experimental sample involved 5736 horses, including 363 New Altai, 39 Altai, 159 Lithuanian Heavy Draft, 617 Russian Heavy Draft, 288 Soviet Heavy Draft, 4177 Orlov Trotter, and 93 Budyonny breed horses. Population genetic analysis was performed to determine parameters, including the total number of alleles for 17 loci, the average number of alleles at a locus, the degree of polymorphism, the observed and expected heterozygosity, intrapopulation coefficients for inbreeding, and the genetic similarity and distance. The New Altai breed horses had the highest levels of genetic diversity (154 alleles) and polymorphism (Ae = 4.909). The analysis of genetic differentiation showed the absence of intrapopulation inbreeding in the Altai, Lithuanian Heavy Draft, and Budenny breed horse groups. Cohorts of animals of the New Altai, Orlov Trotter, and Russian and Soviet Heavy Draft horse breeds showed insignificant deficiencies of heterozygotes. High frequencies of occurrence of the HTG6 O allele were typical for the horses of the New Altai and Heavy Draft breeds, while the Altai breed horses were characterized by a high frequency of allele HTG4 M. A number of loci identical in their range of allele frequency variation in the Altai breed and Russian and Soviet Heavy Darft breed horses were revealed in the New Altai horse. Cluster analysis demonstrated high levels of genetic similarity between the New Altai horses and the Russian Heavy Draft (0.903) and Altai (0.899) breed horses. Therefore, selective breeding programs for horses may be improved through better use of new information on horses of the seven tested breeds, allowing us to manage biodiversity and genetic similarity in populations and to preserve the particular allelic heterogeneities of horses of different breeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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