| Abstrakt: |
Simple Summary: Heat stress exerts extensive and intricate effects on germ cells, attracting significant attention from researchers. This article provides a comprehensive review and summary of the impacts and mechanisms of heat stress on ovarian granulosa cells. The systematic evaluation of heat stress effects on ovarian granulosa cells encompasses alterations in steroid hormone levels, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial function, with detailed discussions on several key mechanisms. Furthermore, this study analyzes the mechanism and potential relevance of ferroptosis in ovarian granulosa cells under heat stress conditions. Looking ahead to the future, gaining a deeper understanding of this complex mechanism will serve as a theoretical foundation for exploring possible interactions between heat stress and ferroptosis. Heat stress has been one of the key research areas for researchers due to the wide-ranging effects and complex mechanisms of action of its stress product reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of this paper is to comprehensively review and summarize the effects of heat stress on ovarian granulosa cells and their mechanism of action. We systematically reviewed the effects of heat stress on ovarian granulosa cells, including intracellular steroid hormone changes, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial function. Meanwhile, this paper discusses in detail several major mechanisms by which heat stress induces apoptosis in ovarian granulosa cells, such as through the activation of apoptosis-related genes, induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress, and the mitochondrial pathway. In addition, we analyzed the mechanism of ferroptosis in ovarian granulosa cells under heat stress conditions, summarized the potential association between heat stress and ferroptosis in light of the existing literature, and explored the key factors in the mechanism of action of heat stress, such as the signaling pathways of Nrf2/Keap1, HSPs, and JNK, and analyzed their possible roles in the process of ferroptosis. Finally, this paper provides an outlook on the future research direction, describing the possible interaction between heat stress and ferroptosis, with a view to providing a theoretical basis for further understanding and revealing the complex mechanism of ferroptosis occurrence in ovarian granulosa cells under heat stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
