| Autor: |
Popescu, Marius Nicolae, Beiu, Cristina, Iliescu, Carmen Andrada, Racoviță, Andreea, Berteanu, Mihai, Iliescu, Mădălina Gabriela, Stănescu, Ana Maria Alexandra, Radaschin, Diana Sabina, Popa, Liliana Gabriela |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Toxins; Oct2024, Vol. 16 Issue 10, p413, 15p |
| Abstrakt: |
With the increasing use of Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) injections in the masseter muscles for both medical and aesthetic purposes, there is a constant need to continually enhance the efficacy of these treatments and reduce the risk of potential adverse events. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the masseter muscle's anatomical structure and essential landmarks and emphasizes the advantages of ultrasound (US) guidance in improving the precision of BoNT-A injections compared to conventional blind methods. The review is supplemented with comprehensive figures, including graphics, clinical images, and ultrasound visuals, to support the discussion. Potential complications such as paradoxical bulging, inadvertent injections into the risorius muscle or parotid gland, facial paralysis, and the risk of bone resorption are examined. Future research should aim at refining injection techniques and assessing the long-term effects of repeated treatments to ensure optimal patient care and safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: |
Complementary Index |
| Externí odkaz: |
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