Abstrakt: |
In Indonesia groundnuts are grown in various agro-ecological zones (AEZ) i.e. irrigated wetland, rain-fed wetland, and dry land with various climate types either under normal pH, acidic or alkaline soil conditions. The improved varieties should be having the characteristics of high pod yield, genetically stable in many AEZs, resistant to major biotic and abiotic constraints, and high nutrition compounds. For these purposes, a huge diversity of groundnut genotypes should be available for groundnut breeders to work with. Adaptation study of 20 genotypes (18 promising lines and 2 checked varieties) evaluated their growth and yield performance in wetlands and dry lands at six sites with different altitudes, climate and soil types in five central production areas. The results showed that five genotypes (GHs 2, 10, 11, 2 checked varieties) gave dominant pod yield at least in four locations and higher yields compared to the grand mean. Higher yields were resulted from the dominance in seed size, resistance to foliar diseases, high number and weight of filled pods plant-1. There were 14 and 10 genotypes resistant to late leaf spot and rust diseases. There were seven genotypes i.e. GHs 3, 4, 7, 10, 11, 16, 17 with stable yield across sites. The adaptability levels of the tested genotypes also varied. Among the three (GH 2, GH 10, GH 11) high yielding potential genotypes, GH 10 and GH 11 indicated stable and adapted to unfavourable environment, while GH 2 was non-stable and adapted to favourable or optimal environments. The yield stability and adaptability of promising lines were various, and it expressed to the presence of diversity in groundnut genotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |