| Abstrakt: |
Critical infrastructures such as power stations, heavy industries, transportation systems, electricity generation and telecommunication facilities are so vital to the countries that the impact or destruction of such systems could have an unprecedented effect on national security or safety. Industrial Control Systems (ICS) play an important role in critical infrastructures by providing process monitoring, remote and distributed control and automation. Due to the fact that critical infrastructures are mostly located in isolated places, Industrial Control Systems have recently become the targets of sophisticated cyberattacks. In this paper, the structure of ICS is detailed and related security issues in terms of cybersecurity are explored. Because the main focus of the traditional ICS was system functions, network and system security were not considered during the design process. The development of information systems and communication technologies has forced governments and managers to adapt the design of ICS from isolated environments to interconnected ones and this makes ICS potentially more vulnerable than ever. In this article potential cyber attacks are reviewed in the light of identified vulnerabilities and previous incidents that have occurred over last decades. Threats and vulnerabilities are discussed and, in order to build more resilient Critical Infrastructures, some suggested standards, and recommendations are offered. Finally future research directions to enhance resilience in Critical Infrastructures are suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
