| Abstrakt: |
The pancreas is a very important gland of the human body, which produces insulin and glucagon, two important hormones that maintain proper blood sugar levels. Diabetes mellitus on the other hand is a chronic medical condition characterized by high levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood due to problems with insulin production, insulin action, or both. Oxidative stress (OS) is a physiological condition that occurs when there is an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body's ability to detoxify these harmful molecules or repair the resulting damage. Reactive oxygen species are reactive molecules that contain oxygen, such as superoxide radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals. These molecules are produced as natural byproducts of various cellular processes, but excessive accumulation of ROS can lead to cellular damage and contribute to various diseases. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the cases of diabetes that are related to oxidative stress in the regions of North Macedonia as a growing phenomenon year after year. Also, the purpose of the research lies in the deep understanding of this connection which can open the doors to innovative treatments that directly affect the molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress, offering hope for a more effective and personalized approach in the management and treatment of diabetes. As material for this study, were used the statistical data provided by the Institute of Public Health-Skopje. For diabetes statistics, the patient's blood as an analytical sample, and it was measured with a glucometer device which works on the principle of amperometry, where the maximum current obtained during an electrochemical reaction is taken as an indicator of the concentration of the analysis. Oxidative stress is a complex phenomenon and no method gives a real insight into its exact level. The part of measuring oxidative stress was done based on the quantitative method through patient questionnaires, with anamnesis (medical history of the patient) and with the patient survey where we used topics, questions, subjective complaints about their symptoms, and professional research about the field of stress as a phenomenon. The study is included in the regions of the Republic of North Macedonia and it covers 2020. In recent years there have been encouraging steps in understanding and studying the pathogenesis of diabetes related to oxidative stress. The epicenter of much research has been and is finding the key cause for recognizing the deep connection between oxidative stress and diabetes. This research aims to shed light on the need for therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing oxidative stress and preventing its damage to the body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
