| Abstrakt: |
Aim: Alzheimer's is a neurological disorder characterized by cognitive decline, neuron loss, and eventually dementia. On the other hand, studies have shown that physical activity causes synaptic plasticity, improves cognitive performance, increases memory and learning, reduces anxiety and depression, and protects the brain against neuron-destroying diseases in humans and animals. In addition, sumac has a high antioxidant capacity and can be useful in relieving Alzheimer's disease. According to the studies conducted on the positive effect of exercise on cognitive functions and increasing the antioxidant capacity (including receiving sumac) in improving the process of Alzheimer's disease, the effect of these two factors together on the inflammatory factors of Alzheimer's patients has not been investigated. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of a period of endurance training along with sumac supplementation on inflammatory and apoptotic indices in Alzheimer's male rats. Materials and Methods: The current research is experimental with a post-test and controlled design with a control group and a placebo. 35 rats (with an average age of 4 to 5 weeks and an average weight of 180 to 200 grams) were randomly divided into control group, Alzheimer's disease, Alzheimer's disease with sumac supplementation, Alzheimer's disease with endurance exercise, and Alzheimer's disease with endurance exercise and sumac supplementation. Alzheimer's induction was done by injecting 8 mg/kg of trimethyl tin chloride along with 200 microliters of normal saline. To feed the sumac (Rhus coriaria L)) to rats, the top branch of the sumac plant was ground. The powder obtained from it was mixed with the food of rats at a ratio of ten percent. Then, the mixture was made into a paste and molded into a plate and dried. Endurance training was done in the form of swimming in a special rat pool with dimensions of 80 x 50 x 50 cm, with a water wave maker and water with a temperature of 30 to 33 degrees. Endurance swimming exercises were performed for 12 weeks and 5 days a week. 48 hours after the end of the training program, the rats were anesthetized. 5 ml of blood sample was taken from the heart and transferred to gel tubes. Then the serum was separated by a centrifuge model 5804 manufactured by Eppendorf and transferred to a microtube and a negative twenty-degree freezer. The levels of IL-18, bax, bcl2 and cas3 were analyzed using ELISA method. Data were analyzed using oneway ANOVA test and Tukey's post hoc test (P<0.05). Results: We found that induction of Alzheimer's disease increases IL-18, bax, bcl2 and cas3 proteins (p=0.001). After 12 weeks of intervention, the level of IL-18, bax, bcl2 and cas3 proteins in the Alzheimer group + endurance exercise was significantly lower than the Alzheimer group (p=0.001). On the other hand, there was no significant difference between Alzheimer's + endurance training and Alzheimer's + endurance + sumac groups in terms of IL-18, bax, bcl2 and cas3 protein levels (p>0.05). Conclusion: Epidemiological studies suggest the reduction of inflammation in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's. However, clinical evidence does not consider the use of anti-inflammatory drugs to be very successful. Both sumac and exercise are strong antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents, which probably have double positive physiological effects when they are placed next to each other. Our findings suggest that endurance training improves the level of inflammatory indices in Alzheimer's rat, although adding sumac to the exercise program is not likely to improve apoptotic and inflammatory indices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
