| Abstrakt: |
Due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability, polysaccharide-based aerogels produced through supercritical fluid drying attract a lot of attention in the food industry, pharmaceuticals, tissue regeneration, etc. The aim of this study is to systematically review the types of polysaccharides used for aerogel fabrication, the approaches to their gelation before supercritical fluid drying, and the conditions of the drying. The literature screening was conducted according to the PRISMA protocol to give a full picture. Aerogels can be made using a wide range of polysaccharides (alginates, chitosan, agar, cellulose, carrageenans, starch, pectin, chitin, b-glucans, xanthan, guar gum, gellan gum, hyaluronic acid, tragacanth gum, locust bean gum), as well as polysaccharide-based biomaterials and artificial composites containing inorganic substances. The natural origin of the polysaccharides and a diversity of their chemical structure allow to explore a wide range of processing conditions for fabrication of aerogels for various applications. Different strategies to dissolve and gel the polysaccharides, aiming to reduce a number of required steps to aerogel formation and control its morphology, were reported. An analysis of the protocols used for supercritical drying of the formed gels showed trends toward process simplification and the implementation of one-pot strategies, as well as the better control over aerogel morphology, which open up opportunities for a wide application of polysaccharide-based aerogels in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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