| Autor: |
Manfroi, Benoît, Cuc, Bui Thi, Sokal, Aurélien, Vandenberghe, Alexis, Temmam, Sarah, Attia, Mikaël, El Behi, Mohamed, Camaglia, Francesco, Nguyen, Ngan Thu, Pohar, Jelka, Salem-Wehbe, Layale, Pottez-Jouatte, Valentine, Borzakian, Sibyline, Elenga, Narcisse, Galeotti, Caroline, Morelle, Guillaume, de truchis de Lays, Camille, Semeraro, Michaela, Romain, Anne-Sophie, Aubart, Mélodie |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Science Translational Medicine; 9/18/2024, Vol. 16 Issue 765, p1-17, 17p |
| Abstrakt: |
The development of the human immune system lasts for several years after birth. The impact of this maturation phase on the quality of adaptive immunity and the acquisition of immunological memory after infection at a young age remains incompletely defined. Here, using an antigen-reactive T cell (ARTE) assay and multidimensional flow cytometry, we profiled circulating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–reactive CD3+CD4+CD154+ T cells in children and adults before infection, during infection, and 11 months after infection, stratifying children into separate age groups and adults according to disease severity. During SARS-CoV-2 infection, children younger than 5 years old displayed a lower antiviral CD4+ T cell response, whereas children older than 5 years and adults with mild disease had, quantitatively and phenotypically, comparable virus-reactive CD4+ T cell responses. Adults with severe disease mounted a response characterized by higher frequencies of virus-reactive proinflammatory and cytotoxic T cells. After SARS-CoV-2 infection, preschool-age children not only maintained neutralizing SARS-CoV-2–reactive antibodies postinfection comparable to adults but also had phenotypically distinct memory T cells displaying high inflammatory features and properties associated with migration toward inflamed sites. Moreover, preschool-age children had markedly fewer circulating virus-reactive memory B cells compared with the other cohorts. Collectively, our results reveal unique facets of antiviral immunity in humans at a young age and indicate that the maturation of adaptive responses against SARS-CoV-2 toward an adult-like profile occurs in a progressive manner. Editor's summary: The immune system continues to develop throughout childhood, and it is established that children have distinct immune responses to vaccines and infections as compared with adults. Here, Manfroi et al. characterized the immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in children. The authors found that preschool-age children had a different adaptive immune response, with a lower frequency of antiviral CD4+ T cells, compared with older children and adults; this younger cohort also developed phenotypically distinct memory T and B cell responses after recovery compared with the other cohorts. This study highlights that responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in young children are unique and reflect the ongoing maturation of the immune system into adulthood. —Courtney Malo [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: |
Complementary Index |
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