| Autor: |
Blouin, Michael S., Bollmann, Stephanie R., Le Clec'h, Winka, Chevalier, Frédéric D., Anderson, Timothy J. C., Tennessen, Jacob A. |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases; 9/16/2024, Vol. 18 Issue 9, p1-19, 19p |
| Abstrakt: |
The trematodes that cause schistosomiasis in humans require aquatic snails as intermediate hosts. Identifying the genes in snails at which allelic variation controls resistance to infection by schistosomes could lead to novel ways to break the cycle of transmission. We therefore mapped genetic variation within the BS90 population of Biomphalaria glabrata snails that controls their resistance to infection by the SmLE population of Schistosoma mansoni. A marker in the PTC2 genomic region strongly associates with variation in resistance. The S-haplotype, which confers increased susceptibility, appears to be almost completely dominant to the R-haplotype, which confers increased resistance. This result suggests a model in which the parasite must match a molecule on the host side to successfully infect. The genomic region surrounding our marker shows high structural and sequence variability between haplotypes. It is also highly enriched for genes that code for single-pass transmembrane (TM1) genes. Several of the TM1 genes present on the S-haplotype lack orthologs on the R-haplotype, which makes them intriguing candidate genes in a model of dominant susceptibility. These results add to a growing body of work that suggests TM1 genes, especially those in this exceptionally diverse genomic region, may play an important role in snail-schistosome compatibility polymorphisms. Author summary: Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease of humans that is caused by trematodes in the genus Schistosoma. Schistosomes require aquatic snails as an intermediate host. Infected snails shed parasites into water, which then infect people through their skin. Biomphalaria glabrata host snails show substantial genetic variation for susceptibility to infection by Schistosoma mansoni. Via genome-wide mapping we identified the general location of a gene in the B. glabrata genome at which different alleles control whether snails can be infected or not. The allele that causes susceptibility is dominant to the allele that causes resistance. This uncommon pattern suggests that an invading parasite must match some target on the host side to successfully establish an infection. The mapped snail genomic region contains multiple genes that code for proteins that span cell membranes. These proteins have an extracellular piece that can interact with molecules outside of cells. We hypothesize that these proteins are the targets of molecules produced by the schistosome. If so, then identifying the interacting molecules on the schistosome side, and how they interact with snail proteins, might reveal ways we could genetically modify snails to make them unable to transmit schistosomes to humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: |
Complementary Index |
| Externí odkaz: |
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