| Abstrakt: |
BACKGROUND Shivering is distressing for the patients undergoing surgery under both regional and general anaesthesia. The aim of this randomized study is to compare the efficacy of intravenous tramadol and ketamine in controlling shivering after spinal anaesthesia in infraumbilical surgery. AIM To study the efficacy of tramadol and ketamine in preventing intraoperative shivering after spinal anaesthesia. METHODS A total of 76 patients in the age group 18–65 years of age from ASA physical grades I and II were randomized into two equal groups of 36 each: group T (tramadol) patients received 0.5 mg/kg of i.v. tramadol and group K (ketamine) patients received 0.5 mg/kg of i.v. ketamine after development of shivering (grade 3 and more) under spinal anaesthesia. RESULTS There was no significant difference in terms of age (p = 0.125), gender (p = 0.475), or comorbidities (22.3% in ketamine and 30.6% in tramadol had comorbidities, and hypertension was the most common comorbidity in both groups). Weight (p = 0.356), height (p = 0.081), sites of surgery (16.7% in the ketamine group and 36.1% in the tramadol group had abdominal surgeries,,66.6% in the ketamine group and 41.7% in the tramadol group had lower limb surgeries, 16.7% in the ketamine group and 22.2% in the tramadol group had urological surgeries), and ASA status (p = 0.637) between the groups. There was no significant difference in grade of shivering between the two groups at the time of recruitment (p = 0.691), after 5 minutes (p = 0.276), or at the time of recurrence (p = 0.343) of shivering. The time taken to stop shivering (in ketamine it was 9.85+0.84 min, while in tramadol it was 10.28+0.78) was less in ketamine but was not significant (p = 0.029). CONCLUSION We thus concluded that tramadol, when given for shivering that developed after spinal anaesthesia, more efficaciously reduced shivering than ketamine, with fewer recurrences and minor side effects that could be prevented, and there was no sedation in the group that was seen with ketamine. Hence, tramadol showed a benefit over ketamine when used for shivering postspinal anaesthesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
