| Abstrakt: |
Ecosystem services demonstrate spatially linked flow characteristics, wherein the transfer mechanisms and patterns of ecosystem services can be observed across time and space. The network of flows of ecosystem services within a forest ecosystem acts as an abstract representation of the intricate relationships within these services, playing a crucial role in understanding the complexity and multi-scale nature of forest ecosystem services. By examining the flow and network perspective, this study explored the fundamental essence, system architecture, and mechanistic framework of forest ecosystem services. The complexity of forest ecosystem service components was delved by building upon existing research on ecosystem services to explain how the constituent elements and attributes of ecosystems form the foundation of the intricacy found in forest ecosystem service components. The spatial heterogeneity of forest ecosystem services serves as a visible manifestation of this complex composition. The interconnectedness of forest ecosystem services across different scales and their link to human well-being at multiple levels were elucidated, thus revealing the intricacies of the functional structure and evolutionary complexity of ecosystem services. In addition, the composition and attribute characteristics of ecosystem service flows by conceptually characterizing the real-world transmission and flow processes of these services were summarized. The mechanisms behind the formation of ecosystem service flows were analyzed and the theoretical exploration of the transition from capacity to flow in forest ecosystem services was discussed. The network modeling techniques were utilized to construct the forest ecosystem service flow network and the network analysis tools were employed to identify its structure. This study investigated the complexity of the forest ecosystem service flow network from hierarchical, process-oriented, and multidimensional perspectives. To better understand the intricate relationships within the network, the creation of a comprehensive multidisciplinary research framework that aimed to facilitate intuitive representation and quantitative analysis of complex networks was proposed, which provided a fresh paradigm for ecosystem service research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
