| Abstrakt: |
Dinavar, once a prominent center of Māh al-Kufa Province and a cultural hub in the early Islamic world, experienced a significant political advancement in the fourth century AH under the rule of the Hasanwayhids. However, over the following centuries, the city faced a decline that ultimately led to its complete ruin by the thirteenth century AH, leaving only its name behind. The focus of the research on Dinavar lies in understanding its prosperous past and urban life through a descriptive-analytical approach that involves studying historical sources and archaeological evidence. This study seeks to answer the following questions: 1. When did the growth of Dinavar begin and how long has it continued? 2. How was the social and economic condition in Dinavar? The corresponding assumptions are as the following: 1- After the Islamic arrival, Dinavar's settlement and its agricultural lands provided the grounds for the formation of a city that has been prosperous for nearly five centuries. 2- Dinavar's urban community, at its flourishing time housed a variety of social and cultural groups, and its economy was developed based on agriculture and complementary activities. Studies show that urban life in Dinavar lasted until the Safavid era, but its flourishing period is limited to the first centuries of Islam. This period was defined by the presence of elites and an intellectual society together with cultural diversity. The culmination of urban life in Dinavar during the early Islamic centuries can be attributed to various factors, such as the spread of Islamic ideas, environmental capabilities, agricultural development and animal husbandry, and the presence of skilled craftsmen and merchants. However, by the fifth century AH, the city began to experience a decline marked by political instability, geographical isolation, and natural disasters like earthquakes. This decline also coincided with cultural changes and the migration of thinkers, as well as the increase in distance to government centers and main routes, leading to the eventual downfall of Dinavar's once-thriving urban life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
