| Abstrakt: |
The improper management of wastewater has become a pressing global environmental issue, demanding immediate attention from the scientific community. A significant concern arises from the increasing presence of "emerging contaminants (ECs)," synthetic compounds detected in minute concentrations across diverse environmental matrices. Recent reports emphasize the prevalence of ECs in wastewater due to unregulated discharges of pharmaceuticals, drugs, endocrine disruptors, pesticides, and various pollutants. The widespread distribution and impact of ECs underscore the necessity for effective removal strategies. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of sustainable wastewater treatment techniques, evaluating their effectiveness and long-term viability. Employing bibliometric analyses on 2785 research papers published between 2016 and 2023 from databases like Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar, the study reveals Asia, Europe, and North America as major contributors to global EC prevalence. The paper thoroughly assesses experimental conditions and performance of various treatment methods, focusing on phase-changing techniques like membrane processes, adsorption onto solid substrates, advanced oxidation, and biological treatments for removing 55 + different ECs. Among the notable approaches, hybrid constructed wetlands emerge as a sustainable solution, demonstrating enhanced effectiveness. The review also addresses practical challenges, including cost-effectiveness and scalability, while exploring the social and economic repercussions of ECs and their treatment. By consolidating insights from diverse sources, this paper serves as valuable resources for researchers aiming to mitigate the adverse effects of ECs on the environment and human health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
Full text from SpringerLink