| Abstrakt: |
The work provides information showing that the consequences of fatty dystrophy (obesity) in human organs depend on the severity of this pathological process. Thus, with intensive accumulation of neutral fats (triglycerides) in cells irreversible damage occurs their structures and dysfunction. Overfilling of hepatocytes by triglycerides leads to damage to the membranes of lysosomes and mitochondrions. Lysosomal hydrolytic (proteolytic) enzymes are released first into the cytoplasm of cells, causing their necrosis, and then in a mesenchyme of a organ and start in it inflammatory process. Accordingly, three successive stages are observed in the liver: “only” fatty liver → fatty liver with a mesenchymal inflammatory reaction → fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver. Inflammation develops slowly, gradually. The development of steatohepatitis (second stage of fatty liver dystrophy) is indicated by an increase in the level of transaminases in the blood. At absence of efficient treatment of an obesity there comes an irreversible stage - a cirrhosis or a fibrosis. A gradual decrease in body weight, on the contrary, is accompanied by normalization of liver biochemistry, its size, a decrease in fat content and a decrease in the manifestations of steatohepatitis. Physician-controlled weight loss reduces the incidence of medical complications associated with obesity. Weight loss reduces the risk of new diseases associated with obesity, especially diabetes, and delays the progress of atherosclerosis. The described morphological processes occur in obesity and in other vital organs, including the heart, kidneys and pancreas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
