| Autor: |
Cirillo, Valerio, Esposito, Marco, Lentini, Matteo, Russo, Claudio, Pollaro, Nausicaa, Maggio, Albino |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Functional Plant Biology; 2024, Vol. 51 Issue 6, p1-11, 11p |
| Abstrakt: |
The two stresses of weed competition and salt salinity lead to crop yield losses and decline in the productivity of agricultural land. These constraints threaten the future of food production because weeds are more salt stress tolerant than most crops. Climate change will lead to an increase of soil salinity worldwide, and possibly exacerbate the competition between weeds and crops. This aspect has been scarcely investigated in the context of weed-crop competition. Therefore, we conducted a field experiment on green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) to investigate the combined impact of weed competition and salt stress on key morpho-physiological traits, and crop yield. We demonstrated that soil salinity shifted weed composition toward salt tolerant weed species (Portulaca oleracea and Cynodon dactylon), while it reduced the presence of lower tolerance species. Weed competition activated adaptation responses in green bean such as reduced leaf mass per area and biomass allocation to the stem, unchanged stomatal density and instantaneous water use efficiency, which diverge from those that are typically observed as a consequence of salt stress. The morpho-physiological modifications caused by weeds is attributed to the alterations of light intensity and/or quality, further confirming the pivotal role of the light in crop response to weeds. We concluded that higher yield loss caused by combined salt stress and weed competition is due to impaired morpho-physiological responses, which highlights the negative interaction between salt stress and weed competition. This phenomenon will likely be more frequent in the future, and potentially reduce the efficacy of current weed control methods. Environmental stresses cause severe yield losses. In the field, these stresses occur contextually, leading to unpredictable outcomes in terms of crop productivity. Soil/water salinity will expand in the future due to climate change, and weed control will become harder due to herbicide resistance. We studied the combined effect of weed competition and salt stress on the yield of green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), finding that the morpho-physiological adaptations induced by weed competition impair plant ability to tolerate salt stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: |
Complementary Index |
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