| Abstrakt: |
Introduction: Nowadays, the use of traditional forms of tobacco, known as hookah, has spread. So far, the effect of sports activity on heart complications of hookah has not been properly investigated. In this study, the effect of hookah and exercise separately and simultaneously on heart rate variability (a measure of cardiac autonomic control) was investigated in rats. Methods and Materials: 32 male Wistar rats were randomly grouped into 4 groups of 8: control, exercise, hookah, and combined exercise with hookah. Animal treadmill exercise groups were subjected to moderate endurance exercise and hookah groups were exposed to direct smoke with aromatic tobacco. 48 hours after receiving smoke and performing exercise, the animals were anesthetized by intraperitoneal administration of sodium thiopental at the rate of 50 mg/kg, the heart rate and heart rate variability parameters were measured using HRV analysis software on lead ІІ band. The heart was calculated. Results: There was no significant difference between the studied groups in PR Interval, RMSSD, SDNN and SD1 parameters, as well as in LF/HF and SD1/SD2 ratios. In the hookah group alone, a significant decrease in heart rate was observed, along with an increase in RR interval and a significant decrease in SD2 compared to the control group. In the exercise group alone, a significant increase in HF was observed compared to the control group. Also, in the hookah user group, a significant increase in LF, decrease in HF, and decrease in SD2 were observed compared to the exercise group. In the hookah group with exercise, QTc reduction and HF reduction were seen compared to the exercise group. On the other hand, an increase in SD2 was observed in the hookah group with exercise compared to the hookah group. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that hookah smoke inhalation alone does not have a significant effect on heart rate variability, but it may interfere with the beneficial effects of moderate endurance exercise on heart rate variability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
