| Abstrakt: |
Introduction: Addiction to stimulants such as amphetamines has been a major problem of human society in recent decades. Methylphenidate is a neurostimulant drug that is widely prescribed for the treatment of ADHD in the world. Methylphenidate is a piperidine derivative and is structurally similar to amphetamine. It has been shown that the function of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is abnormal in ADHD. It has an effective role in thinking and targeting behaviors. On the other hand, the medial frontal cortex (MFC) plays an important role in decision-making. In addition to this, the excessive increase of catecholamine's (dopamine, norepinephrine) caused by stimulant drugs can cause damage and disorder of prefrontal activity, the oxidation of dopamine can lead to an increase in the production of free radicals as well as superoxide radicals, these oxidative compounds have neurotoxic and destructive effects. is caused by programmed cell death (apoptosis). In this regard, it has been shown that the administration of amphetamines has caused apoptosis in different areas of the rat brain, but there are few and contradictory reports about methylphenidate. Some researchers have reported the neuroprotective effects and some on the contrary, the neurodegenerative effects of the drug. On the other hand, the researchers believe that the response to nerve stimuli is different in the two sexes of the female neuron. Considering the conflicting reports mentioned and because they form the most important part of the population in the youth society, in addition, most of the studies were conducted on the male sex and the investigation of the abuse of methylphenidate In girls who are the mothers of the future generation, it is very little and contradictory, therefore, it is very important to address this issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
