False-Reactive Fourth-Generation Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing in Cancer Patients.
| Autor: | Chiu, Chia-Yu, Mustafayev, Khalis, Bhatti, Micah M, Jiang, Ying, Granwehr, Bruno P, Torres, Harrys A |
|---|---|
| Předmět: |
PHYTOTHERAPY
DIAGNOSIS of HIV infections THERAPEUTIC use of alkaloids VIRAL antibodies ACADEMIC medical centers LOGISTIC regression analysis SEX distribution DIAGNOSTIC errors CANCER patients RETROSPECTIVE studies DESCRIPTIVE statistics AGE distribution ODDS ratio RACE SYPHILIS VIRAL antigens AIDS serodiagnosis MEDICAL records ACQUISITION of data PSYCHOLOGICAL stress IMMUNOASSAY MEDICAL screening MIXED infections |
| Zdroj: | Clinical Infectious Diseases; 3/15/2024, Vol. 78 Issue 3, p674-680, 7p |
| Abstrakt: | Background The fourth-generation (4th-gen) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1/2 antibody/antigen (Ab/Ag) combination immunoassay currently used for HIV screening offers greater sensitivity than previous assays, but false-reactive results occur in up to 20% of patients. Large-scale observations in cancer patients are lacking. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of cancer patients seen at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (March 2016–January 2023) who had reactive 4th-gen ARCHITECT HIV-1/2 Ab/Ag combination immunoassay results. We analyzed characteristics of patients with true-reactive and false-reactive results, defined based on Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria. Results A total of 43 637 patients underwent 4th-gen HIV screening, and 293 had reactive 4th-gen HIV test results. Twenty-one patients were excluded because they did not have cancer. Among the remaining 272 patients, 78 (29%) had false-reactive results. None of these patients experienced delays in their cancer treatment, but 26% experienced mental distress. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified 5 predictors of having false-reactive results: age >60 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 6.983; P <.0001), female sex (aOR, 6.060; P <.0001), race/ethnicity (Black: aOR, 0.274; Hispanic: aOR, 0.236; P =.002), syphilis coinfection (aOR, 0.046; P =.038), and plant alkaloids therapy (aOR, 2.870; P =.013). Conclusions False-reactive 4th-gen HIV test results occur in almost one-third of cancer patients. Physicians should be aware of the high rates of false-reactive HIV screening results in this patient population. These findings may have implications for counseling regarding testing, especially among those at low risk for HIV infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: | Complementary Index |
| Externí odkaz: |
|