| Abstrakt: |
Commonly used herbicides in the agricultural application include 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), which is used to prevent the development of broad leaves and weeds. However, the existence of this herbicide, even at the residual concentration, has detrimental effects on the environment and humans. Over the past decades, many techniques have been established to remove 2,4-D herbicides from agricultural run-off, where adsorption is the most preferred process. The adsorption process is feasible and inexpensive to remove organic pollutants from water sources. Furthermore, it can remove them even at a low concentration, mainly when operated in a packed bed column. Therefore, determining the dynamic behavior of a packed bed adsorption column is crucial for shedding insight into its performance relative to industrial requirements. Using numerical simulation and a simplified linear driving force (LDF) model, the dynamic performance of three agriculture-based adsorbents (ACs) for the adsorption of 2,4-D in an industrial-sized packed bed column was investigated. The industrial-packed bed column utilized in this study is the following specifications: a bed height of 3.77 m, a bed diameter of 0.5 m, an influent flow rate of 8.89 m3/h, and an influent concentration of 2,4-D residue of 39.2 mg/L. The parametric investigations looked into numerous aspects that affect the dynamic performances, such as the bed column height, the flow rate of the influent 2,4-D, and the concentration of the 2,4-D residue in the influent. The findings indicated that increased intake concentration and flow rate reduced the timeframes required for the breakthrough and saturation. In contrast, the breakthrough and saturation times increase when the bed height was increased. In addition, the efficiency of the packed bed column was determined by determining the length of the mass transfer zone (LMTZ) and the removal percentage (R%). From this study, coconut shell activated carbon (CSAC) is the most effective adsorbent among the three studied adsorbents. It has the highest saturation time at 9.38 days, the most significant percentage removal is 92.77%, and the lowest LMTZ at 0.1516 m, demonstrating a good dynamic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
