| Abstrakt: |
[Objective] This study explored the effects of different zinc fertilizer application methods on photosynthetic characteristics, quality and economic benefits of apple to provide reference for rational application of zinc fertilizer in apple. [Method] In Pucheng and Qianxian, Shaanxi, "Changfu No.2" apple was elected for three treatments of no zinc application (control, T1), leaf spraying zinc fertilizer (T2) and integrated water and fertilizer topdressing zinc fertilizer (T3). Soil available zinc content, apple fruit and leaf zinc contents, leaf biological characters, yield, quality and economic benefit were determined under different treatments. [Result] In Qianxian and Pucheng, contents of available zinc in T2 and T3 treatments were higher than that in T1 treatment in soil layers of 0 - 20 and 20 - 40 cm. T3 treatment had the highest values of 1.88 and 1.22 mg/kg in soil layer of 0 - 20 cm and 1.16 and 0.70 mg/kg in soil layer of 20 - 40 cm. In Qianxian, zinc contents of leaves and fruits under T2 treatment were the highest, followed by T3 treatment. In Pucheng, zinc contents in leaves and fruits of T2 and T3 treatments were higher than that of T1 treatment, with the highest values in T3 treatment. In Qianxian and Pucheng, louver thickness, louver weight and chlorophyll content in T2 and T3 treatments were significantly increased compared with T1 treatment. In Qianxian, the fruit shape index of apples was 0.83 - 0.89, with significantly higher values in T1 treatment. In Pucheng, the fruit shape index of apples ranged from 0.81 to 0.91, and T3 had higher values than T1 and T2 treatments. In Pucheng, there was no significant differences in soluble solids and titratable acid contents among treatments. In Qianxian county, the titratable acid content of T2 and T3 treatment was significantly higher than that of T1 treatment, and there was no significant differences in soluble solids among treatments. In Qianxian and Pucheng, contents of soluble sugar and Vc in T2 and T3 treatments were significantly higher than those in T1 treatment. In Qianxian, the highest apple yield and net profit were 30 961 kg/hm² and 82 505 yuan/hm² in T2 treatment, which were increased by 45.49% and 2.85% compared with T1 treatment. The yield and net profit of T3 in Pucheng were the highest, which were 29 159 kg/hm² and 78 595 yuan/hm² and were increased by 28.56% and 65.77% compared with T1 treatment, respectively. [Conclusion] Application of zinc fertilizer improved contents of zinc in soil, apple eaves and fruit, as well as the yield and quality of apple. From the perspective of yield and economic benefits, he effect of water and fertilizer combined application of zinc fertilizer was more stable than that of foliar spraying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
