| Abstrakt: |
Fresh cones of Pinus halepensis Mill., collected from Constantine (sample 1) and Jijel provinces (sample 2) in northeastern Algeria, were extracted by conventional hydrodistillation (HD) and by solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME). GC and GC/MS analyses showed that the HD essential oils of the two samples were characterized by the presence of respective higher contents of β-pinene (40.3%, 28.2%,), β-pinene (4.5%, 2.5%), β-myrcene (16.8%, 31.5%) and caryophyllene oxide (3.2%, 7.0%) than the SFME essential oils in respective percentages of β-pinene (27.4%, 12.1%), β-pinene (2.6%, 1.0%), β-myrcene (16.4%, 14.8%) and caryophyllene oxide (0.6%, 2.2.2). (E)-Caryophyllene (35.5%, 51.2%) and α-humulene (6.4%, 10.7%) were found in higher percentages in SFME than in HD essential oils where they occurred with the respective percentages of 18.1%, 20.1%, and 3.5%, 4.2%. Exclusively, HD and SFME essential oils of sample 1 were characterized by the main presence of limonene (5.3%, 2.6%, respectively). These oils were tested against acetyl- and butyrylcholisterase, a-amylase and urease. HD essential oil exhibited a higher acetylcholinesterase (97.46 ± 2.04%) and butyrylcholinesterase (85.39 ± 4.01%) inhibition than the SFME essential oil (77.24 ± 0.90% and 68.01 ± 5.04%, respectively) at a concentration of 200 mg/mL. Moreover, the inhibition of α-amylase by both HD and SFME essential oils (32.63 ± 2.75 and 33.76 ± 0.34%, respectively) at a concentration of 2000 μg/mL, was nearly close to Acarbose (37.21 ± 3.44%), used as a standard. However, HD and SFME essential oils showed a weak urease inhibition (17.78 ± 1.79 and 45.73 ± 0.04%, respectively), at a concentration of 400 mg/mL, compared to the standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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