| Abstrakt: |
The northwestern part of the Indian ocean is Arabian sea. It is formed roughly around 50 million years ago. Since last few decades climate along the Indian Ocean and particularly on Arabian Sea is changing very fast. The excessive heat and energy warm the ocean and change the temperature of the ocean and cause effects like rising sea level rise, increasing ocean temperature, algal blooming, ocean acidification, rain pattern, migration in fishes, salt water intrusion on land, decline in fishes. The sea level rise has direct relationship with climate change which leads to the rising in temperature which result in melting of glaciers, snow and ice caps this add up into sea water level. Right now, sea level rise by 1-8th inches per year. The excessive heat and energy warms the ocean, leads to change in temperature. Because of rapid increase in human population equivalent of a third of human waste carbon dioxide mixed in ocean water. The increasing of carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel combustion have led to an exponential increase in the net amount of CO2 being dissolved in the ocean Over the past 200 years, the increase of carbon dioxide in ocean water reduces the ocean pH level. Sea temperature has increased by 1.20°C to 1.40°C. Higher temperatures combined to increased storm water runoff of nutrients can results in conditions favorable for algal bloom and growth of harmful algae and cyanobacteria in salt and brackish water. Sea surface temperature (SST) one of the reasons for coral bleaching which effect marine organisms. As the temperature rises it leads to the coral to expel the algae (Zooxanthellae) living in their tissue causing coral to completely white by which corals are more prone to being dead. Approximately 30% of the anthropogenic CO2 emission has been absorbed by the oceans. Due to acidification water becomes acidic, and shells bearing organisms and plankton gets break down, which secrets calcium carbonate coatings. Acidification effect to shells as it becomes more corrosive and reduce the formation of shells in Arabian ocean. 0.015 units per 1!, pH get disturb by temperature on Arabian sea. Ocean Acidification results in Deteriorate the minerals which produced by oysters, clams, lobsters, shrimps, shells and skeleton. Ultimately it gets in food web harming all type of organisms. As the tides go higher the sea water goes towards land. Water resources near to sea can faces the risks from saltwater intrusion. Loss of fresh water, vegetation and saline mudflats are caused due to saltwater intrusion. Due to saltwater intrusion crocodile breeding grounds get destructed. Upstream movement of brackish or saline water that cause concentration of salt and other seawater derived ions to increase. These changes having important and widely applicable effects in affecting marine ecosystem, coastal communities and regional weather pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
