| Abstrakt: |
Introduction The abrupt loss of renal function to the point that bodily fluid equilibrium is impossible to maintain is known as acute kidney injury. Serum creatinine levels rise to about twice the usual amount for the patient's age due to a decrease in GFR, which is the condition's primary characteristic1. Its frequency, morbidity pattern, diagnostic challenges, treatment options, prognosis, and final results in individual instances have all been forecasted to make it a significant issue for the paediatric age range. Due to the high occurrence of infections, sepsis, acute glomerulonephritis, and gastroenteritis in hot and humid climates, it is still a prevalent ailment in underdeveloped nations, but in western countries, the main causes are trauma, surgery, alcohol, and narcotics. AKI has been becoming more common, and other investigations have shown varying degrees of mortality as well. Material And Method Children throughout the newborn period who were at high risk of developing AKI or those who came with AKI to the paediatric ward of the S.C.B. Medical College and Hospital and the S.V.P. Post Graduate Institute of Paediatrics in Cuttack were included in the study's material. The instances chosen for the research and the methods used are described in full below. Laboratory parameters were used to test for signs of AKI in all children older than 28 days who had clinical indications of developing oligouria or anuria. They also included those who showed signs of AKI while they were in the hospital. Serum creatinine levels of 1.5 mg/dl or higher in children older than one year, and 1 mg/dl or higher in children less than one year, were used to include those who were clinically suspected. Result Indicates age incidence of AKI cases in the present study. Majority of cases, 38.8% were observed in the age group of 5-10 years followed by 31.3% in 1-5years. 44% cases occurred in the under 5 age group in our study. In the present study male children outnumbered females (M:F=1.4:1). Indicates the various clinical features observed in AKI cases in the present work. Oliguria / anuria was present in approx. 86% of cases, next most common presenting feature was fever in 67.2% followed by H/O snake bite in 14.9%, loose stool in 16.9% cases amongst the study group. We observed presence of skin infection as a marker of AGN(4%), altered sensorium(9%), hematuria(14.4%), convulsion (15.4%), abdominal distension (20%), bleeding manifestation and bloody stool(5%) cases amongst the study population. Conclusions This study demonstrated the etiological patterns in this region of the state and certain areas of Eastern India, and it focused on the many domains of Acute Kidney Injury in children who presented to the hospital. The study population was well-characterized and heterogeneous. Children's AKI has a heterogeneous aetiology that differs not only between countries but even between areas within the same nation. Contemporary medical services have the potential to promptly reverse impaired kidney function; nonetheless, rapid intervention, early identification, and clinical awareness are crucial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
