The Assessment of Serum Fibronectin Levels as a Potential Biomarker for the Severity of Drug-Sensitive Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Pilot Study.

Autor: Kulkarni, Shreedhar, Arunachala, Sumalatha, Chaya, Sindaghatta Krishnarao, ShankaraSetty, Rekha Vaddarahalli, Karnik, Medha, Bansal, Nidhi, Ravindran, Sukanya, Lokesh, Komarla Sundararaja, Mohan, Mikash, Kaleem Ullah, Mohammed, Siddaiah, Jayaraj Biligere, Mahesh, Padukudru Anand
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Zdroj: Diagnostics (2075-4418); Jan2024, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p50, 14p
Abstrakt: Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health burden caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Fibronectin (Fn) facilitates Mtb attachment to host cells. We studied the Fn levels in smear-positive TB patients to assess its correlation with disease severity based on sputum smears and chest X-rays. Methods: Newly detected consecutive sputum AFB-positive pulmonary TB patients (n = 78) and healthy control subjects (n = 11) were included. The mycobacterial load in the sputum smear was assessed by IUATLD classification, ranging from 0 to 3. The severity of pulmonary involvement was assessed radiologically in terms of both the number of zones involved (0–6) and as localized (up to 2 zones), moderate (3–4 zones), or extensive (5–6 zones). The serum human fibronectin levels were measured by using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (Catalogue No: CK-bio-11486, Shanghai Coon Koon Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China). Results: The PTB patients showed lower Fn levels (102.4 ± 26.7) compared with the controls (108.8 ± 6.8), but they were not statistically significant. Higher AFB smear grades had lower Fn levels. The chest X-ray zones involved were inversely correlated with Fn levels. The Fn levels, adjusted for age and gender, decreased with increased mycobacterial load and the number of chest radiograph zones affected. A Fn level <109.39 g/mL predicted greater TB severity (sensitivity of 67.57% and specificity of 90.38%), while a level <99.32 pg/mL predicted severity based on the chest radiology (sensitivity of 84.21% and specificity of 100%). Conclusions: The Fn levels are lower in tuberculosis patients and are negatively correlated with severity based on sputum mycobacterial load and chest radiographs. The Fn levels may serve as a potential biomarker for assessing TB severity, which could have implications for early diagnosis and treatment monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Databáze: Complementary Index
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