| Abstrakt: |
This paper presents the main socio-political conceptions of the Middle Ages: Augustine, Al-Farabi, Averroes, Thomas Aquinas, William Ockham. Augustine presents his view of history through the theory of two cities: one of the accursed multitude (Babylon) and one of the righteous (Jerusalem). Al-Farabi insists on the central role of the leader who must be to society what the heart is to the body. Averroes advocates reform of the state whose policy must be to pursue the public good. Thomas Aquinas considered the state the most important construction of human reason, and he advocated the constitutional state. William Ockham advocates for preserving the role of the papacy as religious leadership only, not political leadership, where monarchy is preferred. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
