| Abstrakt: |
To improve the soybean breeding of Sichuan Province, data were analyzed on the changing of yield, quality, disease resistance and related agronomic traits of 28 spring and 25 summer soybean cultivars released in 2011- 2022. Results showed that the average yield of spring and summer cultivars were 2583.75 kg·hm-2 and 1784.70 kg·hm-2 respectively, the average days from VE-R8 were 113.2 d and 129.9 d respectively, and the average protein contents were 44.59% and 46.61% respectively. Their effective branches per plant, effective pods per plant, and grains per plant decreased linearly with the years. But their 100-seed weight increased linearly with the years, and showed extremely positive correlations with the year. The days from VE to R8 decreased linearly with the years, and showed negative correlations with the year. Correlation coefficient between 100-seed weight and yield was the highest among the agronomic traits, indicating that the increase of 100-seed weight might be an important factor for yield. 13 spring cultivars had higher protein contents, and 18 summer cultivars had higher protein contents (both ≥45%). Variation ranges of quality traits of spring and summer cultivars were small, showing quadratic function and linear function with the years respectively. Protein content had extremely significant negative correlation with fat content. The total content had extremely significant positive correlations with protein content, while had no significant correlation with fat content. The yield had extremely significant negative correlations with the duration of VE-R8, and plant height had extremely significant positive correlations with the number of main stem nodes. For soybean mosaic virus resistance, among the 11 and 14 spring and summer cultivars released in 2017-2022, 2 (18.18%) and 3 (21.43%) were moderate resistant to soybean mosaic virus (strains SC3 and SC7). Thus the breeding emphasis should be focused on increasing yield, virus resistance and seed quality for spring soybean; while increasing yield, good quality, moderate maturity and high protein with virus resistance for summer soybean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
