| Abstrakt: |
Background: Congenital anomalies of newborns are associated with significant psychological, social and financial burden on the family and society at large. Therefore, screening techniques for the early diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities are made available to pregnant women of all ages. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of prenatal screening tests such as the double marker test (ß-hCG and PAPP-A) and USG scan (11-13 weeks) which assesses nuchal translucency and the presence or absence of nasal bone. Materials and methods: A prospective clinical study was conducted at Usha Nursing Home and Sat Kaival Hospital, Anand, from June 2021 to December 2022. Results: The present study included 729 pregnant women over the age of 18 years who present for routine antenatal care (ANC) at Out Patient Department (OPD) of the hospital. All participants underwent a nuchal translucency and nasal bone scan followed by a double marker test along with scan. Total 729 pregnant women underwent for double marker screening test, 15(2.05%) women were in high-risk category and 714(97.9%) women were low-risk category. Out of 15 abnormal foetuses, 12 were detected with Down syndrome (1.6%) and three were detected with Edward's Syndrome (0.4%). There was a strong positive correlation observed between free ß-hCG and PAPP-A, indicating that these two variables tend to increase together. Additionally, a positive correlation exists between the value of free ß-hCG corr MoM and PAPP-A, suggesting that as one of these variables increases, the other follows suit. Furthermore, a positive correlation is also noted between free ß-hCG and free ß-hCG corr MoM, implying that when free ß-hCG values rise, free ß-hCG corr MoM tends to increase in tandem. Also crown-rump length (CRL) and gestational age was found to be correlated and highly significance. Conclusion: Prenatal diagnosis by ultrasound for CRL alone or either combined with biochemical marker has a good detection rate for chromosomal abnormalities. Based on research results, we can conclude that prenatal diagnosis to detect chromosomes anomalies should be an integral part of antenatal care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
