| Autor: |
Nizar, Umar Kalmar, Gunawan, Rizki, Hin, Taufiq Yap Yun, Sundari, Rita, Bin Mahmud, Surahim, Ibrahim, Siti Fadhilah Binti, Sazali, Nawirus, Sintia, Amelia, Lazuardi, Arrum, Pernadi, Niza Lian |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Rasayan Journal of Chemistry; Jul-Sep2023, Vol. 16 Issue 3, p1993-2001, 9p |
| Abstrakt: |
A series of sulfonated avocado seed carbon catalysts for biodiesel production was successfully synthesized. The carbonization of avocado seed has been varied at 300℃, 400℃, 500℃, and 600℃ using nitrogen gas purging followed by sulfonation applying HSO3Cl (chlorosulfonic acid) in chloroform solvent. The designed catalyst has been characterized using FTIR, XRD, and TPD-NH3. The results show strong absorption peaks in FTIR spectra at the wave numbers of 1140 and 1030 cm-1, which indicates an O-S-O bonding vibration in asymmetric and symmetric stretching. Meanwhile, the XRD patterns show two main peaks, namely the broad peak at 2θ 10°-30° corresponding with the C (002) plane and the sharp peak at 2θ 40°-45° corresponding with the C (101) plane. The TPD-NH3 reveals that the catalyst with the highest acid site number showed for sulfonated avocado seed carbon calcined at 400℃ (AS400-S) sample. The catalytic activity shows the designed catalyst can convert PFAD to form biodiesel until 64.6061%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: |
Complementary Index |
| Externí odkaz: |
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