| Abstrakt: |
Introduction. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is defined when the glomerular filtration rate is reduced (GFR) <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 (GFR categories G3a-G5) for more than 3 months and with the presence of albuminuria: the albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) is ≥30 mg/g and the albumin excretion rate is (AER) ≥30 mg/d. Stage 5 of Chronic Kidney Disease (Stage 5 CKD) is the stage with a need for renal replacement therapy or kidney transplantation. CKD is characterized by numerous muco-cutaneous manifestations. Our aim was to determine the frequency of non-specific and specific muco-cutaneous changes in patients with Stage 5 CKD on haemodialysis. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study at the University Clinic for Nephrology, Skopje and PHI Special Hospital for Nephrology with Dialysis DIAMED, Skopje from March to June 2022. The study involved 42 patients from both dialysis centers. A detailed medical history for each patient was used to obtain data on demographic characteristics, the cause of the renal insufficiency, dialysis duration, and the latest findings of routine laboratory parameters. Results. The most common muco-cutaneous changes/ symptoms were xerosis 88.1%, pruritus 73.81%, hyperpigmentation 45.24%, echymosis in 42.86%, onychomycosis 40.47%, absence of lunula 23.81%, "longitudinal ridge" 21.43%, sparse hair 21.43%, "Half-and-half nails" 19.05%, brittle nails 19.05%, subungval hyperkeratosis 19.05%, photosensitivity 19.05%, etc. Conclusion. Muco-cutaneous changes/symptoms were a common finding in patients with Stage 5 CKD on haemodialysis. All respondents were diagnosed with at least one muco-cutaneous change/symptom. Interdisciplinary management involving dermatologists is essential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
