| Abstrakt: |
Bukowina was the most eastern province of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. This territory was part of Austria between 1774 and 1918. The transition to Austrian rule marked the beginning of a modernization process and synchronization with Western civilization for the entire province. The whole region is experiencing rapid population growth, especially through massive immigration. Ukrainians, Romanians, Germans, Jews, Poles, Armenians, etc. will make Bukowina a multiethnic and multi-faith province, but especially a multicultural one. This aspect can be best observed in Czernowitz, the former capital of Bukowina. During the two centuries of the empire, these ethnic communities underwent a similar process of development from the dominance of religious identity to the development of a clear national identity. Since the middle of the 19th century, the national communities of the city have been intensively building a network of cultural and educational institutions, which included private national schools, orphanages and scholarships; singing, educational, student sports public organizations; magazine editors; financial institutions, etc. The most active of the ethnic communities built so-called "National Houses". In Czernowitz during that period are built: Український Народний Дім / Ukrainian People's House; Palatul Național Român / National Romanian Palace; Dom Polski / Polish House; Jüdisches Haus / Jewish House; Deutsches Haus / German House. All these buildings are still present today and are inscribed on the list of historical monuments of local importance. This article is dedicated to buildings that at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century represented the centers of cultural and educational organizations and activities of different ethnic groups in Czernowitz and the whole of Bukowina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
