| Abstrakt: |
Today, water pollution has become one of the serious environmental issues need of global concern. The excessive intake of toxic heavy metals causes very harmful effects on living organisms. So, researchers across the world are unceasingly searching to find promising technologies for the treatment of wastewater and the removal of heavy metals. Adsorption is recognized as the most suitable and affordable method for the treatment of wastewater with high competence. Owing to their exclusive structural characteristics and attractive physicochemical properties, nowadays graphene-based materials have attained considerable attention as effective adsorbents. So, developing promising graphene complexes via the surface modification using various functional groups, nanoparticles, or polymers is a consistent challenge. Synthesis of a large number of complex derivatives of graphene is progressively reported, but the removal of contaminants and mechanisms of adsorption are still difficult to be completely elucidated. In this article, synthesis methods of graphene and various graphene-based composites, their adsorption mechanism, and all the significant studies regarding the adsorption of toxic heavy metals such as mercury, lead, cadmium, chromium, and arsenic using graphene and its subsidiaries under different experimental conditions have been reviewed and the relevant results have been produced. An outlook on future research requirements and challenges involved while developing excellent adsorbents using graphene and its derivatives are emphasized. Therefore, it can be ensured that the contaminated water in the environment should be noticed with the minimum heavy metal content so that the effects of heavy metals on the ecosystem can be reduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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