| Abstrakt: |
The paper reports the study performed to characterize the populations of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, Parastagonospora nodorum, and Parastagonospora pseudonodorum in Tambov oblast for the presence of the Tox1, Tox3, ToxA, and ToxB effector genes using associated molecular markers. Infectious samples were collected in 2022 from the leaves of spring and winter wheats grown on a plot located in the northeastern part of the Central Black Earth Region with preceding bare fallow. P. nodorum and P. pseudonodorum were detected in spring wheat varieties at the end of the vegetation period. The P. tritici-repentis fungus infected both winter and spring wheat varieties. Molecular markers were used to identify NEs-coding genes in 68 P. tritici-repentis isolates from 19 winter wheat varieties, 100 P. nodorum isolates from ten spring wheat varieties, and 70 P. pseudonodorum isolates from seven spring wheat varieties. Among the studied P. nodorum isolates, the Tox1, Tox3, and ToxA genes both alone and in combinations by two within a single genotype were found. No ToxA gene was observed in the genotypes of P. pseudonodorum isolates. Fungal isolates carrying Tox1 and/or Tox3 genes in their genotypes were identified. The ToxB gene was not detected in the studied P. tritici-repentis population, while ToxA was found to be widely present. The frequency of ToxA, Tox1, and Tox3 genes in the P. nodorum population was 30, 20, and 30%, respectively; in the P. pseudonodorum population, Tox1 and Tox3 with the frequencies of 57.1 and 30%, respectively, were found; and ToxA was found representing 76.5% in the P. tritici-repentis population. P. tritici-repentis, P. nodorum, and P. pseudonodorum strains characterized for the presence of effector genes will be used to create artificial infectious backgrounds to identify sources and donors of resistance to leaf spot diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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