| Autor: |
Дулева, Веселка, Рангелова, Лалка, Чикова-Ишченер, Екатерина, Димитров, Пламен |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Bulgarian Journal of Public Health; 2023 Supplement, Vol. 15, p50-69, 20p |
| Abstrakt: |
Introduction: "Food Frequency Questionnaires" is the method that gives values for the usual frequency with which separate food products or food groups are consumed in the last year before the survey and through which the dietary pattern of different age groups of the population can be estimated. Aim: To assess the frequency of food consumption among children and adults in Bulgaria, as part of an extensive survey of nutrition and other health risk factors. Material and methods: Within the framework of the National Program for the Prevention of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases 2014-2020, in 2020 a crosssectional and retrospective study was conducted on a nationally representative sample of 984 children aged 1 to 19 years and 3181 adults. Data for children up to 10 years of age were obtained through an active interview of the mother. The subjects were included in the study using the method of random selection from the lists of persons living on the territory of Bulgaria, performed by the National Statistical Institute (NSI). All persons had their nutrition examined through a 24-hour recall by memory of the dietary intake from the previous day (24-h recall). Dietary intake was assessed for two nonconsecutive days - 1 working and 1 rest day of the week. In addition, dietary assessment was carried with a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Results: Positive trends: The daily consumption of whole grain bread increases among adults over the age of 19 years; high consumption of fresh fruits and plant fats, low frequency of consumption of canned fruits and pickles, high consumption of legumes in children and adults; high consumption of freshly squeezed juices in children and higher consumption of poultry meat compared to other types of meat; reduced consumption of soft drinks in children below 9 years of age; among adults over 19 years, a gradual decline in the consumption of fried foods and snacks is observed. Unfavorable trends: A low frequency of consumption of whole grain bread and other whole grain products is observed; high consumption of white bread; low fish consumption, low dairy consumption and reduced frequency of nut consumption; the daily consumption of meat and sausages increases; the seasonal difference in the intake of fresh fruits vegetables is preserved in all age groups of children and adults; low consumption of whole milk in children aged 1-2 years (only 50%); children's daily intake of chocolate products increases; the daily consumption of soft drinks with sugar among children aged 10-18 years is increasing; daily use of energy drinks was observed among 11.5% of children aged 14-18 years, increased intake of fried and extruded foods and snacks among children aged 14-18 years. Conclusion: The provision of nationally representative data on the frequency of food consumption in children from 1 to 19 years and adults is reliable scientific information - a necessary condition for the development of the national food policy with adequate intervention strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: |
Complementary Index |
| Externí odkaz: |
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