| Abstrakt: |
Vegetation plays an important role in the flow of material energy and nutrient cycle in the ecosystem. Karst vegetation is one of the main factors to maintain the stability of karst ecosystem function. At the same time, as a medium connecting soil, atmosphere and rock, plants not only present the characteristics of water balance in hydrologic and ecological processes, but also are an important link in regional vegetation restoration which is the basis of ecological construction and rocky desertification control in karst areas. In order to comprehensively understand the research progress, development trend and hot issues of karst vegetation restoration at home and abroad, literature related to this topic from 1985 to 2021 was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection Database (WoS) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) in this study. Based on high-frequency keyword analysis, keyword co-occurrence and cluster analysis, time evolution analysis of research subject, etc., the focuses and trends of karst vegetation restoration were analyzed. The results show that 319 and 351 related articles were collected respectively in WoS and CNKI databases from 1985 to 2021, and the number of articles published in 37 years experienced an increase with fluctuation. The publishing of these articles could be divided into three stages, the first stage (before 2005), an initiation stage of the research, in which the number of articles published was small; the second stage (2005-2015), a stage with a significant increase of literature due to great attention from domestic and foreign scholars to the ecological reconstruction of karst areas; the third stage (2015-2021), a rapid development stage, in which the number of international publications saw a continuous increase, while the domestic number showed a rise with fluctuation, and the growth rate of domestic research is significantly higher than that of international research. Rocky desertification, vegetation succession, soil nutrients and species diversity are high-frequency keywords in the literature, reflecting the common concerns of domestic and foreign research. Among them, vegetation succession law, soil nutrients and species diversity are the core issues in studies on karst rocky desertification areas. International studies on karst vegetation restoration pay more attention to ecosystem services and climate change, while domestic studies mainly focus on vegetation restoration in karst rocky desertification areas in the early stage, and pay more attention to the effects of vegetation restoration on soil properties and plant community composition in the later stage. In recent years, the diverse configuration of karst vegetation restoration technology and mode, for example, Huajiang Mode, Pingshang Mode, Huanjiang Mode, Pingguo Mode, etc. put forward through test, research and development, has become one of the research focuses. In addition, environmental benefits of vegetation restoration (moisture, nutrients, soil and water loss, etc.), soil seed banks, microbe and plant functional groups, vegetation restoration and forestry industry (understory economy and ecological industry), karst plant restoration and karst carbon sink, etc. have gradually become new hot issues in the research field of karst vegetation restoration. In the research of "vegetation restoration", the issues about industrial development such as fruit forest for ecological economy, governance and management modes for ecological economy, etc. have also been taken into account. In recent years, the restoration of karst vegetation (the control of rocky desertification) in China is closely related to the projects of poverty alleviation and elimination, for example, Huajiang Mode --the establishment of comprehensive management of industry for ecological environment in medium-intensity rocky desertification areas in karst plateau canyon, Pingshang Mode--the facilitation of vegetation restoration by planting honeysuckle in the rocky desertification control of Zhenfeng county, Huanjiang Mode characterized with ecological migration, and the Pingguo Mode characterized with the dragon fruit planting in Pingguo county. Due to the slow soil formation rate, thin soil layer and easy soil erosion, the karst area falls into a typical vulnerable ecosystem in the world, and the vegetation restoration in this area is very difficult. Therefore, the vegetation restoration mode is selected for the purpose of improving soil structure and coordinating the balance among soil water, fertilizer, air and heat. In order to promote the development of karst vegetation restoration research, it is suggested to strengthen domestic and international cooperation, and to set up some observation points in the field to observe and compare the dynamics of karst vegetation restoration in different regions for a long time. By comparing the spatio-temporal changes of large scale at home and abroad, the function and significance of vegetation restoration process on ecological restoration in karst areas can be analyzed through monitoring data. Through the restoration technology, model and evaluation method of karst vegetation system, the construction of karst ecosystem and the multi-scale pattern of vegetation diversity from the perspective of life community of mountain, forest, field, lake and grass and the perspective of rural industry can be further revealed. By comparing the research at home and abroad, some new ideas will be provided for ecological restoration in karst areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
