| Abstrakt: |
Background:Tobacco use has been widely recognised as a significant contributor to the development of coronary artery disease (CAD), a condition that has exhibited a downward trend in prevalence among the general population in recent years, largely attributable to heightened awareness and stringent regulatory measures.This study aims to investigate the clinical and angiographic characteristics of coronary artery disease in individuals who use smokeless tobacco in comparison to those who smoke. Material and methods: The study presented is a retrospective case-control study that was carried out in the department of cardiology of JAH group of hospitals Gwalior, M.P. from August 2020 to April 2022. Of the entire sample size of 1348 patients, a subset of 120 individuals with a history of tobacco use, either in the form of smokeless or smoked tobacco, and without any other known cardiovascular risk factors, were selected to participate in the study. A comparative analysis was conducted between two groups to examine the disease patterns and angiographic patterns. Results: Among the sample of 120 patients, 70 individuals reported using smokeless tobacco while 50 individuals reported smoking. The prevalence of single vessel disease was found to be higher among users of smokeless tobacco, with 43 cases (61.43%) exhibiting this condition, as compared to 25 cases (50%) among smokers. This difference was statistically significant, with a p value of 0.04. The prevalence of multi vessel disease was found to be higher in smokers, with 30% of cases exhibiting this condition, compared to smokeless tobacco users, where only 18.57% of cases showed multi vessel disease. This difference was statistically significant, with a P value of 0.03. No statistically significant difference was detected between the two groups in terms of the prevalence of double vessel disease. Conclusion: A significant proportion of individuals who utilise smokeless tobacco and present to the cardiac catheterisation lab with symptoms of angina or angina equivalent exhibit fatal coronary artery disease, manifesting as either ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or non-STsegment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
