| Abstrakt: |
Background: Drug reactions with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) are rare, yet potentially life-threatening, adverse drug reactions. This retrospective study aimed to analyze the epidemiological, etiological, therapeutic, and evolutionary characteristics of DRESS in the context of the dermatology department of Ibn Sina Hospital in Rabat, Morocco. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted over a period of fourteen years (January 2009 thru December 2022). All archived records of patients hospitalized for DRESS syndrome at the dermatology department of Ibn Sina University Hospital were collected. Cases were identified with the RegiSCAR criteria and, for each patient, epidemiological, anamnestic, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic, and evolutionary data was collected. Results: The study included 62 patients, with a female predominance (67.7%). The average age was 48.59 years. The average time to onset of symptoms after drug intake was 27 days, and the duration of symptoms after the discontinuation of the suspected drug was more than two weeks in 80% of the cases. Clinically, all patients had pruritus and maculopapular rash, and 78% had erythroderma. Facial swelling was found in 66.1% of the cases, and 56.4% presented with at least one mucosal involvement. Hematological abnormalities consisted of hypereosinophilia in 85.36%. The most commonly implicated drugs were allopurinol, phenobarbital, and Salazopyrine. Conclusion: This study provides important epidemiological, etiological, clinical, therapeutic, and evolutionary data of patients hospitalized for DRESS syndrome in the context of the dermatology department of Ibn Sina Hospital in Rabat. The results of the study may be used to improve the diagnosis and management of DRESS syndrome in similar settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
