| Abstrakt: |
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies among the aging male population, with the incidence in Bulgaria among the 75–79 age group accounting for 26.5% of all newly found cancers. In general, although prostate cancer is slow-growing, there are many cases in which it may be indolent, aggressive or rapidly progressive. With recent advancements in technology and software capabilities, multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has become a mainstay in the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer. Its introduction has allowed for more accurate detection, localization, and staging of tumor extent, as well as for guiding prostate biopsy and monitoring treatment response. MRI also aids in the role of active surveillance and screening for prostate cancer, although it is highly dependent on the reader’s experience to avoid the overdiagnosis of clinically insignificant cancer. mpMRI is also a reliable imaging modality for detecting local recurrence after radical prostatectomy or external beam radiotherapy. Its use for the evaluation of prostate cancer has greatly increased in recent years, and as technology improves and its applications expand, this tendency is likely to continue moving forward. The combination of T2-weighted imaging, diffusion imaging, dynamic contrastenhanced imaging (perfusion) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging has been used in mpMRI assessment of prostate cancer, but T2-morphologic assessment and functional assessment by diffusion imaging remain the mainstays for prostate cancer diagnosis on mpMRI. The introduction of the PI-RADS classification for prostate MRI in 2012 led to a more standardized acquisition, interpretation and reporting of prostate MRI. The purpose of this topic is to review the basic principles of prostate mpMRI, the prostate imaging reporting and data system (PIRADS) and the dominant sequences used for assessing the different zones of the prostate [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
