| Abstrakt: |
Today, the priority use of competitive seed and planting material from domestic producers is particularly important. The cultivation of oil crops, including sunflower, plays an important role in ensuring the country's food security. There is an increasing demand for confectionery sunflower seeds among processing companies and consumers. Scientifically justified methods of cultivation of confectionery varieties of the crop in the Crimea have not been developed sufficiently. In this regard, the Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea conducted a field two-factor experiment on the southern low-humic chernozem aimed at theoretical and experimental justification of the impact of some agronomic practices (sowing dates, plant density) on the productivity of confectionery sunflower variety Belochka and the evaluation of its ecological plasticity and stability. This variety has a low response to changes in environmental conditions (bi=0.9), which allows it to be grown without significant investments per unit of land area. We found that, on average, the period from seedlings to technical maturity was 110-112 days and did not depend on the studied agricultural practices. Under contrasting weather conditions in 2018-2021, the highest sunflower yield was obtained when sowing in the beginning and middle of April with the density of 30 thousand plants/ha - 1.49-1.54 t/ha, in which case the thousand-seed weight was 85.2-92.3 g, oil content of seeds - 42.6-43.5%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
