Epidemiology of Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections in the Time of Coronavirus Disease 2019: Findings From a Household Cohort in Maryland.

Autor:	Hetrich, Marissa K, Oliva, Jennifer, Wanionek, Kimberli, Knoll, Maria Deloria, Lamore, Matthew, Esteban, Ignacio, Veguilla, Vic, Dawood, Fatimah S, Karron, Ruth A, Team, for the SARS-CoV-2 Epidemiology And Response in Children Study
Předmět:	REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction CONFIDENCE intervals RESPIRATORY infections COMMUNITIES SOCIOECONOMIC factors NOSE SYMPTOMS DESCRIPTIVE statistics RESPIRATORY syncytial virus infections ODDS ratio COVID-19 pandemic LONGITUDINAL method ENVIRONMENTAL exposure EPIDEMIOLOGICAL research CHILDREN
Zdroj:	Clinical Infectious Diseases; 4/15/2023, Vol. 76 Issue 8, p1349-1357, 9p
Abstrakt:	Background During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, human parainfluenza type 3 (HPIV-3) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) circulation increased as nonpharmaceutical interventions were relaxed. Using data from 175 households (n = 690 members) followed between November 2020 and October 2021, we characterized HPIV-3 and RSV epidemiology in children aged 0–4 years and their households. Methods Households with ≥1 child aged 0–4 years were enrolled; members collected weekly nasal swabs (NS) and additional NS with respiratory illnesses (RI). We tested NS from RI episodes in children aged 0–4 years for HPIV-3, RSV, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Among children with HPIV-3 or RSV infection, we tested contemporaneous NS from household members. We compared incidence rates (IRs) of RI with each virus during epidemic periods and identified household primary cases (the earliest detected household infection), and associated community exposures. Results 41 of 175 (23.4%) households had individuals with HPIV-3 (n = 45) or RSV (n = 46) infections. Among children aged 0–4 years, RI IRs /1000 person-weeks were 8.7 [6.0, 12.2] for HPIV-3, 7.6 [4.8, 11.4] for RSV, and 1.9 [1.0, 3.5] for SARS-CoV-2. Children aged 0-4 years accounted for 35 of 36 primary HPIV-3 or RSV cases. Children attending childcare or preschool had higher odds of primary infection (odds ratio, 10.81; 95% confidence interval, 3.14–37.23). Conclusions Among children aged 0–4 years, RI IRs for HPIV-3 and RSV infection were 4-fold higher than for SARS-CoV-2 during epidemic periods. HPIV-3 and RSV were almost exclusively introduced into households by young children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Databáze:	Complementary Index
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